%\iffalse     -*- latex -*-
% tktla.dtx - LaTeX2e document class for series A reports in the
%             University of Helsinki Department of Computer Science
%
%<*driver>
\documentclass{ltxdoc}
\usepackage{url}
\CodelineNumbered\DisableCrossrefs
\begin{document}
\DocInput{tktla.dtx}
\end{document}
%</driver>
%\fi
%
%% \CheckSum{513}
%
% \MakeShortVerb{\|}
%
% \title{The \texttt{tktla} document class \\ for series A reports in
%   the University of Helsinki Department of Computer
%   Science}
% \author{Riku Saikkonen}
% \date{Version v1.1 2009/02/17 Greger Lindén}
% \date{Version v1.2 2011/02/11 Greger Lindén}
% \date{Version v1.3 2011/02/23 Greger Lindén}
% \date{Version v1.4 2012/08/14 Pirjo Moen}
% \date{Version v1.5 2013/08/16 Pirjo Moen}
% \date{Version v1.6 2014/06/25 Pirjo Moen}
% \date{Version v1.7 2014/11/13 Pirjo Moen}
% \date{Version v1.8 2018/04/27 Pirjo Moen}

% \maketitle
%
% \begin{abstract}
%   This document describes the use and implementation of the |tktla|
%   document class, meant for producing reports in report series~A in
%   the University of Helsinki Department of Computer Science (e.g.,
%   PhD theses). The document also contains some general tips for using
%   \LaTeX{} for long scientific documents such as PhD theses.
%   However, the reader should be familiar with the basics of \LaTeX{}
%   before reading this document.
% \end{abstract}
%
% \section{Introduction}
%
% The |tktla| document class defined by this \LaTeX{} package is based
% on the standard \LaTeX{} |book| document class, but makes some
% changes to the paper size and layout and loads a few useful
% packages not used by the standard |book| document class.
%
% Thus, the |tktla| document class is used and customised like the
% standard |book| document class, with a couple of exceptions that are
% documented below.
%
% \section{Class options}
%
% The |tktla| document class has a couple of options, set via the
% |\documentclass| command. All the options of the |book| class are not
% directly available, since some of them do not make sense with the
% layout specified in this document class (for example, the paper size
% cannot be changed).
%
% The layout defined by this class uses the B5 paper size. Since this
% is difficult to print using standard printers, the |a4frame|,
% |a4cross| and |a4cam| options can be used to print the B5-sized
% pages on A4 paper. The three options differ in the way the smaller
% page is framed: the |a4frame| option draws a box (frame) around the
% B5 page, while the |a4cross| and |a4cam| options draw different
% types of crop marks in the corners. If you specify neither
% option, B5-sized pages will be produced.
%
% In this version of the package, there is only one layout defined
% called |officiallayout|. Please use this layout.
%
% In addition to the options described above, the standard |book|
% document class options |draft|, |final|, |leqno|, |fleqn| and
% |openbib| are also supported. (The other |book| options do not make
% sense when using a prespecified layout.)
%
% \section{Document structure}
%
% A typical document that uses the |tktla| document class should set
% some bibliographic information in its preamble (before
% |\begin{document}|) -- this is described in detail below. In
% addition, the beginning of the document (just after
% |\begin{document}|) should be structured as follows:
% \begin{itemize}
% \item first, just after |\begin{document}|, |\frontmatter| should be
%   called to adjust the page numbering
% \item next, |\maketitle| should be used to produce the title and
%   copyright pages
% \item after this, an abstract should be written between
%   |\begin{abstract}| and |\end{abstract}| -- this will produce the
%   abstract page
% \item optionally, an acknowledgements page can be produced here
%   using the |acknowledgements| environment (see below)
% \item next, the table of contents should be produced using the
%   normal command |\tableofcontents|
% \item the |\listoffigures| and
%   |\listoftables| commands can also be used, if such lists are necessary
% \item before the main document body (the first |\chapter|), the
%   |\mainmatter| command should be used to adjust the page numbering
%   back to Arabic numerals
% \end{itemize}
% A short example document that follows these guidelines is linked to
% below.
%
% \subsection{Details}
%
% \DescribeMacro{\frontmatter}
% \DescribeMacro{\mainmatter}
% \DescribeMacro{\backmatter}
% The |\frontmatter| and |\mainmatter| commands should be
% used as in the |book| document class: |\frontmatter| before
% |\maketitle| and |\mainmatter| just before the first actual chapter
% (after the table of contents). The |\backmatter| command also works
% as in the |book| document class, but it is normally not needed.
%
% \DescribeMacro{\maketitle}
% The |\maketitle| command produces a title page and a page containing
% bibliographic information. The title page is designed to be inside a
% printed book -- a cover should be produced separately.
%
% \DescribeEnv{abstract}
% The |abstract| environment is used after |\maketitle| to produce the
% abstract for the thesis. The abstract is printed on its own page (or
% several pages), and some bibliographic information is printed before
% and after the actual text of the abstract.
%
% Write the text of the abstract inside the abstract environment. The
% text is processed as \LaTeX{} code just like the document body, so
% you can use any \LaTeX{} commands that you need inside the abstract.
%
% \DescribeEnv{acknowledgements}
% An optional acknowledgements page can be generated by placing the
% text of the acknowledgements inside the |acknowledgements|
% environment. This is normally placed between the abstract and the
% table of contents.
%
% By default, the word ``Acknowledgements'' is printed at the top of
% the page (like a chapter heading). This text can be changed by
% giving an optional argument for the environment (e.g.,
% |\begin{acknowledgements}[Preface]|), or removed by giving an
% empty optional argument (|\begin{acknowledgements}[]|). The last
% could be used for a page with only a dedication (``To my wife'').
%
% Multiple instances of the |acknowledgements| environment are
% allowed, producing separate pages (e.g., for printing both a
% dedication and a preface). As with the |abstract| environment,
% \LaTeX{} commands can be used inside the environment normally.
%
% \subsection{Bibliographic information}
%
% The |tktla| document class includes a set of commands to set
% the bibliographic information for the publication. Some of these are
% mandatory, as listed below.
%
% \DescribeMacro{\author}
% \DescribeMacro{\title}
% The author and title of the document are set with |\author| and
% |\title| as in the |article| and |book| document classes. The title
% is printed in two places: on the title page and at the top of the
% abstract page.
%
% Line breaks in the title at the top of the abstract page are treated
% specially: the |\\| command is ignored there. Thus, if you want to
% manually set line breaks in the title on the title page but not on
% the abstract page, use |\\|. If you need a line break in both
% places, use another line-breaking command such as |\newline|.
%
% \DescribeMacro{\authorcontact}
% More detailed contact information for the author is printed on the
% abstract page. The command to set this is
% |\authorcontact{|\meta{information}|}|, where \meta{information}
% typically contains the e-mail address of the author and possibly the
% address of a WWW home page. If you need a line break, use, for
% example, |\\| to produce it.
%
% \DescribeMacro{\pubtime}
% \DescribeMacro{\reportno}
% The date of publication (used on the copyright page and to
% generate the report number) is set by the command
% |\pubtime{|\meta{month}|}{|\meta{year}|}|. The \meta{month} should
% be an English month name. The report number in the Department of
% Computer Science series A (e.g., A-2009-1) is generated from the
% year and from the command |\reportno{|\meta{n}|}|, where \meta{n}
% should be just the last number (``1'' in the above example).
%
% \DescribeMacro{\issn}
% \DescribeMacro{\isbnpaperback}
% \DescribeMacro{\isbnpdf}
% \DescribeMacro{\isbnhtml}
% ISBN and ISSN numbers printed on the title pages are set using the
% commands |\issn|, |\isbnpaperback|, |\isbnpdf| and |isbnhtml|. The
% |\issn| command sets the ISSN number (the default is 1238-8645, the
% number used in previous series~A reports) to its argument. The ISBN
% numbers for different versions are set via the other commands;
% normally, at least |\isbnpaperback| should be set. All of the
% commands take one argument, which is the number to be used. If one
% of the commands (such as |\isbnhtml|) is not used, the ISBN number
% for this version is simply not printed at all.
%
% \DescribeMacro{\pubpages}
% The |\pubpages{|\meta{pages}|}| command should be used to set the
% page count printed on the abstract page. Note that the number pages 
% for monographs should be the number of the last page of the list of 
% references (for example, 150 pages), and for article-based theses 
% the number of the last page of the list of references + the total
% number of the pages of the original articles and the interleaf pages
% between them (for example, 75+60 pages).
%
% \DescribeMacro{\crcshort}
% \DescribeMacro{\crclong}
% The Computing Reviews classification printed on the copyright and
% abstract pages is set via the |\crcshort| and |\crclong|
% commands. Note that the command |\crcshort| should only be used, 
% if the Computing Reviews of 1998 are used.
%
% When using the Computing Reviews of 1998, 
% the list of classes printed on the copyright page is set
% using |\crcshort| to a comma-separated list (e.g.,
% |\crcshort{A.0, C.0.0}|), while the longer list printed on the
% abstract page is set via |\crclong|. The classes in both lists
% should naturally be the same.  
%
% When using the Computing Reviews of 1998, 
% the argument of |\crclong| works like the contents of the standard
% |description| environment: the argument should contain a number of
% commands of the form ``|\item[|\meta{class}|] |\meta{class name}''.
% For example, 
% \begin{verbatim}
%    \crclong{
%    \item[A.0] Example Category
%    \item[C.0.0] Another Example
%    }
% \end{verbatim}
%
% When using the Computing Reviews of 2012, 
% the argument of |\crclong| works like the contents of the standard
% |description| environment: the argument should contain a number of
% commands of the form ``|\item |\meta{class name}''.
% For example, 
% \begin{verbatim}
%    \crclong{
%    \item Example Category $\rightarrow$ And its subcategory  
%          $\rightarrow$ And sub-subcategory
%    \item Another Example $\rightarrow$ And its subcategory
%    }
% \end{verbatim}
%
% \DescribeMacro{\generalterms}
% \DescribeMacro{\additionalkeywords}
% The general terms and additional keywords printed on the abstract
% page after the Computing Reviews classification are set with the
% commands |\generalterms| and |\additionalkeywords|, both of which
% take one argument (the text of the terms and keywords).
%
% \DescribeMacro{\printhouse}
% The one-argument |\printhouse| command is used to set the name of
% the printing house, which will be printed on the copyright page.
%
% \DescribeMacro{\permissionnotice}
% An optional ``permission notice'' can be printed on the title page
% using the |\permissionnotice| command. The argument is printed in
% italic in a separate paragraph below the author's name. If the
% command is not used, nothing is printed there.
%
% \DescribeMacro{\copyrighttext}
% The copyright notice printed on the title page is ``Copyright
% \copyright{} \meta{year of publication} \meta{name of author}'' by
% default. The |\copyrighttext| command can be used to change this
% default text; the single argument is the new text. You can include
% multiple lines (|\par| starts a new line) if necessary. Use
% |\copyright{}| for the copyright symbol~\copyright{}.
%
% \DescribeMacro{\pubtype}
% Finally, the |\pubtype| command can optionally be used to set the
% name of the type of publication printed on the abstract page; the
% default is ``PhD thesis''. 
%
% The mandatory commands are |\author|, |\title|, |\authorcontact|,
% |\pubtime|, |\reportno|, |\pubpages|, |\crclong|,
% |\generalterms| and |\additionalkeywords|.
%
% \subsection{An example}
%
% An example document using the |tktla| document class is given in the
% file |example.tex| distributed with the document class.
%
% \section{Preloaded packages}
%
% The |tktla| document class loads and uses the following additional
% packages (as well as the standard |book| document class):
% \begin{description}
% \item[tocbibind] with the |nottoc| option, for including the
%   bibliography and a possible index in the table of contents.
% \item[titlesec] to make customising the layout of the chapter and
%   section headings easy. This package is used to modify the default
%   layout of the |book| class.
% \item[fancyhdr] for customising the layout of the running heads.
%   This package is used to modify the default layout of the |book|
%   class.
% \end{description}
% In addition, if the |a4frame|, |a4cross| or |a4cam| options are
% specified, the |crop| package is loaded to implement these options.
%
% \section{The layout provided by this class}
%
% The official layout selected by the |officiallayout| option is the layout
% traditionally used in most of the PhD theses of the department. It
% is not very much modified from the \LaTeX{} |book| class 11~pt
% defaults; the most important changes include the text size (125~mm
% by 195~mm plus the header -- with the header, the textblock
% proportions are close to the golden section $1:1.618$) and the size of
% the chapter heading (|\huge| font instead of the default |\Huge|).
%
% The text height is 39~lines plus two header lines (the page header and an
% empty separator line), or about 201~mm, which gives a $5:9$ proportion
% for the textblock -- one of the many textblock proportions
% conventionally used in typography. The margins are 30~mm inside,
% 34~mm outside, 19~mm top and 30~mm bottom. The $5:9$ proportion was also
% used for the spacing around chapter and section headings.
%
% In the interest of consistency, horizontal space was assigned in
% integer multiples of the leading (14~pt) for the paragraph indentation
% (14~pt) and for the lists in the copyright and abstract pages. If you
% design your own indented material, you could consider using the same
% indents: 14~pt, 28~pt and 70~pt from the left margin. A half-line
% (i.e., 7~pt) or a full line (14~pt) might be good amounts for the
% vertical spacing around an element.
%
% The layout of the table of contents and the |itemize|, |description|
% and |enumerate| environments is the \LaTeX{} |book| class default
% layout. In a future version of this document class, these should
% perhaps be designed to be more consistent with the spacing described
% above.
%
% \section{Modifying the layout}
%
% If you wish to customize the layout, you should probably first read
% the implementation documentation below, as well as the documentation
% for the |titlesec| and |fancyhdr| packages that were used to change
% the layout. See also the above description of the layout, which has
% some ideas for modification and extension.
%
% Most things can be changed by adding customization in your document
% preamble (e.g., by copying and modifying the definitions in this
% document class), but sometimes you may need to change this document
% class. You can either change the |tktla.dtx| file (which is the
% actual source file) and regenerate the |tktla.cls| using the
% instructions in |readme.txt|, or change |tktla.cls| directly.
%
% If you wish to change the font, use one of the \LaTeX{} font
% packages (like |utopia|) or redefine |\rmdefault|, |\sfdefault| and
% |\ttdefault| yourself (e.g., |\renewcommand{\rmdefault}{put}|). 
%  If you use a lot of mathematics, you should also
% find a matching font for them; there are some ready-made \LaTeX{}
% packages with such fonts, such as |fourier| for Utopia, |mathpazo|
% and |eulervm| for Palatino, and |mathptmx| for Times.
%
% If you wish to redesign the table of contents, the |titletoc|
% package (documented in the |titlesec| documentation) provides an
% interface to change the layout.
%
% \section{\LaTeX{} tips}
%
% \subsection{Figures and such}
%
% The |graphicx| package allows for easy inclusion of images in
% various file formats, e.g., with |\includegraphics{file.eps}|. The
% most common way to include figures is |\usepackage{graphicx}| and:
% \begin{verbatim}
%\begin{figure}
%\centering\includegraphics{file.eps}
%\caption{Caption for figure}
%\label{fig:label}
%\end{figure}
% \end{verbatim}
% (You can leave out the |\label| if you do not need to refer to the
% figure using |\ref|.) If you do not want a figure to move around the
% page, you can, for example, replace the |figure| environment with a
% |center| environment and leave out the |\centering| and the caption
% and label.
%
% If you want to use both |pdflatex| (which supports PDF but not EPS
% images) and normal |latex| (which supports EPS but not PDF), you can
% convert your figures to PDF format (e.g., using the |epstopdf|
% program) and leave out the extension in |\includegraphics|:
% |\includegraphics{file}| is smart enough to search for |file.eps|
% in |latex| and |file.pdf| in |pdflatex|.
%
% If you need a figure with ``sub-figures'' (e.g., parts (a) and (b)
% in a single figure), the |subfigure| package gives an easy way of
% creating and referring to them. The |amsmath| package has a similar
% feature for numbered equations.
%
% Finally, if you want a new floating environment (like |figure| or
% |table|) with its own numbering, use the |float| package and read
% its documentation.
%
% \subsection{Theorems and proofs}
%
% The basic \LaTeX{} |\newtheorem| command works quite well for the
% layout of normal theorems. If you want to change the layout of
% theorems, see the |ntheorem| or |amsthm| package.
%
% Proofs can be set either as is (using |\textbf| or |\textit| or even
% |\paragraph| for the text ``Proof.''), or by using a custom
% environment. The box symbol that ends a proof is available as |\Box|
% in the |latexsym| package. Also, the |amsthm| package defines a
% ready-made |proof| environment.
%
% \subsection{Algorithms}
%
% A very useful package for typesetting Pascal-style pseudocode is
% |algorithms|, which provides the |algorithm| and |algorithmic|
% environments. See the documentation for details and examples. (There
% was a licensing problem with the package, which may mean that it is
% not included with all versions of \LaTeX{} distributions. However,
% the problem has apparently been resolved, and the package is
% available in, e.g.,
% \url{http://tug.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/algorithms}.)
% There are also quite a few other packages for pseudocode, and it is
% not difficult to write small amounts of pseudocode ``manually'', e.g.,
% with the |flushleft| environment, |\\| for linebreaks and |\quad|
% for indentation.
%
% For actual program code (instead of pseudocode), the easiest
% solution is probably the standard |verbatim| environment. Others are
% the |Verbatim| (capital~V) environment in the |fancyvrb| package,
% which is much more flexible, and the |listings| package, which is
% tailored for source code and can do syntax highlighting.
%
% \subsection{Other useful packages}
%
% Some of the most useful add-on packages for LaTeX are:
% \begin{description}
% \item[inputenc] allows the direct input of 8-bit characters. The
%   |latin1| option (|\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}|) uses the
%   ISO~8859-1 character set. Newer versions also have a |latin9|
%   option for the ISO~8859-15 character set.
% \item[url] provides for more intelligent layout of URLs with the
%   |\url| command. For example, it can break URLs across lines at the `/'
%   characters. Set |\urlstyle{same}| in the preamble if you do not
%   want the URLs to be set in the typewriter font.
% \item[hyperref] produces hyperlinks in PDF documents, both inside
%   the document (e.g., from the table of contents to the appropriate
%   pages) and outside (when |\url| is used).
% \end{description}
% Many \LaTeX{} experts recommend |\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}| in the
% preamble. This switches to a different internal enconding of the
% fonts, often also using a different set of font files. It fixes some
% problems in character spacing and, most notably, allows hyphenation
% of words that contain non-ASCII characters (very useful for Finnish
% text). However, since it uses different font files internally, there
% have been some problems with it in various older \LaTeX{}
% distributions, notably that the produced documents may include
% bitmapped instead of vectored fonts. You should probably try it out
% in the version of \LaTeX{} that you use, and if it seems to work,
% use it in just about every document that you produce.
%
% \subsection{Obsolete commands}
%
% This section notes a few commands that have been obsolete for a
% long time but are still commonly used. The newer versions should
% generally work better -- the obsolete commands may can cause
% strange effects in certain circumstances.
%
% The two-character \TeX{} font changing commands |\em|, |\bf|, |\tt|,
% etc. should not be used in \LaTeX{} documents (after
% \LaTeX$2_\epsilon$ was released in~1993). There are two versions of
% the new commands: commands like |\emph{foo}|, |\textit{foo}|,
% |\textsc{foo}|, |\textbf{foo}| and |\texttt{foo}| (note the three
% `t's), and declarations like |\itshape|, |\scshape|, |\bfseries| and
% |\ttfamily| (used as, e.g., |{\itshape foo}|). They can also be
% combined: for instance, command |\textbf{\textit{foo}}| produces bold
% italic. See any recent \LaTeX{}
% reference for details.
%
% The |epsfig| package and its |\epsfig| and |\psfig| commands for
% including EPS figures have been replaced (in about~1994) by the
% |graphicx| package and its more generic |\includegraphics| command.
% Use |\usepackage{graphicx}| and |\includegraphics{foo.eps}| instead,
% and see grfguide.ps and epslatex.ps in texmf/doc/latex/graphics for
% more information.
%
% \section{Version history}
%
% \begin{description}
% \item[v0.9 2004/04/21] Initial draft version.
% \item[v0.9b 2004/07/05] Another draft.
% \item[v0.9c 2004/08/03] Another draft.
% \item[v1.0 2004/11/07] Final version by Riku Saikkonen. Finished
%   documentation. Support for newer versions of |titlesec| and |crop|
%   by guessing versions. Slight corrections in the layout.
% \item[v1.0b 2004/11/08] Bugfix: did not work without an
%   |a4frame|-like option.
% \item[v1.1 2009/02/17] New layout removed. Greger Lind{\'e}n. There is now
% only one official layout version
% \item[v1.2 2011/02/11] Supervisor's, pre-examiners', opponent's and custos'
% names added to contact page. Greger Lind{\'e}n
% \item[v1.3 2011/02/23] Supervisor's, pre-examiners', opponent's and custos'
% names, additional formatting. Greger Lind{\'e}n
% \item[v1.4 2012/08/14] New version of the URL of the Department.
% Pirjo Moen
% \item[v1.5 2013/08/16] More detailed instructions on the number pages
% for the abstract page added. Pirjo Moen
% \item[v1.6 2014/06/25] New telephone numbers. Pirjo Moen
% \item[v1.7 2014/11/13] New fax number. Pirjo Moen
% \item[v1.8 2018/04/27] New computing reviews version into use, new
% version of the URL of the Department, and fax number removed. Pirjo Moen

% \end{description}
%
% \StopEventually{}
%
% \section{Implementation details}
%
% This section contains the documented source code for this class,
% documented in literate programming style. It is probably of interest
% only if you wish to modify the class or customize the layout.
%
% \subsection{Initialization}
%
% Version number announcements. We don't need a specially new version of
% \LaTeX{}.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e} \ProvidesClass{tktla}[2009/02/17 v1.1 Series
A Report for the University of Helsinki Department of Computer
Science]
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Option processing}
%
% The |officiallayout| option is defined here, setting a
% variable |\tktla@layout| that will be queried later. The
% |\newcommand| also sets the default layout (0 = |officiallayout|).
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand{\tktla@layout}{0}
\DeclareOption{officiallayout}{\renewcommand{\tktla@layout}{0}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% The |a4frame|, |a4cross| and |a4cam| options also simply set a
% variable that will be used later. Here the default is to leave the
% variable undefined, which will mean that none of the options will be
% used.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareOption{a4frame}{\newcommand{\tktla@afour}{1}}
\DeclareOption{a4cross}{\newcommand{\tktla@afour}{2}}
\DeclareOption{a4cam}{\newcommand{\tktla@afour}{3}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% The following options are passed directly to the |book| class that
% will be loaded later.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareOption{draft}{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{book}}
\DeclareOption{final}{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{book}}
\DeclareOption{leqno}{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{book}}
\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{book}}
\DeclareOption{openbib}{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{book}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Finally, any options given by the user are actually executed
% (processed).
%    \begin{macrocode}
\ProcessOptions\relax
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Class and package loading}
%
% First of all, the standard |book| class is loaded with the |b5paper|
% and |11pt| options (to produce the required layout). The logical
% paper size is always B5 (even with the A4 framing options).
%    \begin{macrocode}
\LoadClass[b5paper,11pt]{book}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Next, an actual B5 paper size ($176\times 250$~mm) is declared using
% a |\special| directive -- this allows |dvips| and |pdflatex| to
% produce the correct paper size. The |book| document class does not
% do this by default for historical reasons. (The |geometry| package
% would, but it is perhaps simpler to do it directly here.)
%
% The |\ifx| is used for declaring the B5 paper size only if the A4
% framing options are not used (i.e., if |\tktla@afour| is undefined).
% The |\relax| in the else branch is a no-op.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\ifx\tktla@afour\@undefined\special{papersize=176mm,250mm}\else\relax\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
% Next, two packages are loaded: |tocbibind| to get the bibliography
% into the table of contents, and |fancyhdr| for setting page headers
% (done later).
%    \begin{macrocode}
\RequirePackage[nottoc]{tocbibind}
\RequirePackage{fancyhdr}
%    \end{macrocode}
% The following code loads the |titlesec| package and, if an A4
% framing option was selected, the |crop| package.
%
% There is a problem with supporting different versions of these
% packages, as there have been incompatible changes in the option
% syntax of both packages: |titlesec| apparently changed at around
% 1999/11/03 and |crop| on 2001/10/07. \LaTeX{} does not seem to have
% a command to check the version of a package before it has been
% loaded (nor to change options afterwards), so the following code
% guesses: if the standard |book| class (which was loaded above) is
% dated later than 2001/04/21, the new option syntax is used for both
% packages. (Version 1.4d of the |book| class is dated 2001/04/21, and
% the next one, 1.4e, is dated 2001/05/24, so the guess here is that a
% \LaTeX{} distribution with a |book| class newer than v1.4d also
% contains versions of |titlesec| and |crop| with the newer option
% syntax.)
%
% The inner |\ifcase| statements are used to give appropriate options
% to the |crop| package to implement the various kinds of framing that
% this class (and the |crop| package) supports. The |\ifx| checks if
% the internal variable is defined, and if yes, the |\ifcase| goes
% through all relevant values (the first branch of the |\ifcase|
% statement applies for the value 0, which is not possible, so nothing
% is done).
%    \begin{macrocode}
\@ifclasslater{book}{2001/04/21}{
  \RequirePackage[nonindentfirst]{titlesec}
  \ifx\tktla@afour\@undefined\relax\else\ifcase\tktla@afour% 0=nothing
  \or% 1=a4frame
    \RequirePackage[frame,a4,center]{crop}
  \or% 2=a4cross
    \RequirePackage[cross,a4,center]{crop}
  \or% 3=a4cam
    \RequirePackage[cam,a4,center]{crop}
  \fi\fi
}{
  \RequirePackage[nops,nonindentfirst]{titlesec}
  \ifx\tktla@afour\@undefined\relax\else\ifcase\tktla@afour% 0=nothing
  \or% 1=a4frame
    \RequirePackage[frame,a4center]{crop}
  \or% 2=a4cross
    \RequirePackage[cross,a4center]{crop}
  \or% 3=a4cam
    \RequirePackage[cam,a4center]{crop}
  \fi\fi
}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Settings}
%
% The following code sets the title of the bibliography to
% ``References'' instead of the |book| class default ``Bibliography'',
% as is the custom in the theses in this department.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\renewcommand{\bibname}{References}
%    \end{macrocode}
% If the |babel| package is loaded by the document, the preceding command
% is not enough, since |babel| changes all these titles when the
% language is changed (which is possible also in the middle of the
% document). The following code should work in all cases, but it needs
% to set the title separately for each language. (The code will be stored
% to be executed at |\begin{document}|, and it checks if the |babel|
% package has been loaded, doing nothing if not.)
%    \begin{macrocode}
\AtBeginDocument{\@ifpackageloaded{babel}{%
    \addto{\captionsenglish}{\renewcommand{\bibname}{References}}%
    \addto{\captionsUKenglish}{\renewcommand{\bibname}{References}}%
    \addto{\captionsbritish}{\renewcommand{\bibname}{References}}%
    \addto{\captionsUSenglish}{\renewcommand{\bibname}{References}}%
    \addto{\captionsamerican}{\renewcommand{\bibname}{References}}%
    \addto{\captionscanadian}{\renewcommand{\bibname}{References}}}{}\relax}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Prelims}
%
% The code in this section is used to set the information in the
% prelims (title page, copyright page, abstract page). First, the
% |acknowledgements| environment is defined, simply to use |\chapter*|
% with empty page headers.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newenvironment{acknowledgements}[1][Acknowledgements]{%
  \chapter*{#1}\markboth{}{}}{\clearpage}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Next, the mandatory commands for bibliographic information are
% defined. Each of these is defined the same manner: calling, for
% example, |\authorcontact{foo}|, defines the macro
% |\tktla@authorcontact| to |foo|, and this macro is used later to
% provide the necessary information. Thus, if the mandatory command was
% not used, an error message is produced by \LaTeX{}, complaining of
% an undefined macro when the text is needed. Double braces |{{#1}}|
% are used to prevent possible font changing commands etc. from
% affecting anything outside of the user-settable text.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand{\authorcontact}[1]{
  \newcommand{\tktla@authorcontact}{{#1}}}
\newcommand{\pubtime}[2]{
  \newcommand{\tktla@pubmonth}{{#1}}
  \newcommand{\tktla@pubyear}{{#2}}}
\newcommand{\reportno}[1]{\newcommand{\tktla@pubno}{{#1}}}
\newcommand{\isbnpaperback}[1]{\newcommand{\tktla@isbnpaperback}{{#1}}}
\newcommand{\issn}[1]{\newcommand{\tktla@issn}{{#1}}}
\newcommand{\pubpages}[1]{\newcommand{\tktla@pages}{#1}}
\newcommand{\generalterms}[1]{\newcommand{\tktla@generalterms}{{#1}}}
\newcommand{\additionalkeywords}[1]{
  \newcommand{\tktla@additionalkeywords}{{#1}}}
\newcommand{\crcshort}[1]{\newcommand{\tktla@crcshort}{{#1}}}
\newcommand{\crclong}[1]{\newcommand{\tktla@crclong}{#1}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Commands for optional bibliography information are defined in the
% following. This is done as above, except that we provide a default
% value with |\newcommand| and use |\renewcommand| to change it. The
% |\@author| used in the copyright message is defined by the standard
% |\author| command in the |book| document class. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand{\tktla@pubtype}{PhD Thesis}
\newcommand{\pubtype}[1]{\renewcommand{\tktla@pubtype}{{#1}}}
\newcommand{\tktla@copyright}{
  Copyright \copyright{} \tktla@pubyear{} \@author}
\newcommand{\copyrighttext}[1]{\renewcommand{\tktla@copyright}{{#1}}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% The |\supervisorlist| and some other non-mandatory commands use a
% slightly different implementation: instead of providing an empty
% default, the command is defined like a mandatory command but the
% existence of the defined variable (macro) is checked when the data
% is used. Double braces are not used in |\supervisorlist| because the
% argument is used inside a custom |list| environment with no other
% contents.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand{\supervisorlist}[1]{\newcommand{\tktla@supervisorlist}{#1}}
\newcommand{\preexaminera}[1]{\newcommand{\tktla@preexaminera}{#1}}
\newcommand{\preexaminerb}[1]{\newcommand{\tktla@preexaminerb}{#1}}
\newcommand{\opponent}[1]{\newcommand{\tktla@opponent}{#1}}
\newcommand{\custos}[1]{\newcommand{\tktla@custos}{#1}}
\newcommand{\printhouse}[1]{\newcommand{\tktla@printhouse}{{#1}}}
\newcommand{\permissionnotice}[1]{\newcommand{\tktla@permission}{{#1}}}
\newcommand{\isbnpdf}[1]{\newcommand{\tktla@isbnpdf}{{#1}}}
\newcommand{\isbnhtml}[1]{\newcommand{\tktla@isbnhtml}{{#1}}}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{The layout}
%
% This class specifies one official layout, and the code below is
% used to implement it. First a bit of code: 
% the |\maketitle| command is redefined in terms of two
% class-internal commands defined below:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\renewcommand{\maketitle}{
  \tktla@titlepage
  \tktla@copyrightpage
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% The following internal macro is used to make the code below shorter.
% It prints the various ISSN and ISBN numbers used in the
% bibliographic information. Lines for PDF and HTML versions are
% skipped if the appropriate ISBNs have not been given via the
% bibliographic information commands.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand{\tktla@printisxns}{
  ISSN \tktla@issn\par
  ISBN \tktla@isbnpaperback{} (paperback)\par
  \ifx\tktla@isbnpdf\@undefined\relax\else
    ISBN \tktla@isbnpdf{} (PDF)\par
  \fi
  \ifx\tktla@isbnhtml\@undefined\relax\else
    ISBN \tktla@isbnhtml{} (HTML)\par
  \fi
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Here follow the implementations of the official layout. Some
% information is repeated in the documentation in both sections to
% allow them to be read independently.
%
% \subsubsection{The official layout}
%
% The |officiallayout| option is implemented in this section. First, an
% |\ifcase| statement differentiates between layouts; the
% branch that begins here is for the value~0 of |\tktla@layout|, which
% was set above when the |officiallayout| option was used.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\ifcase\tktla@layout
%    \end{macrocode}
% The implementation of the official layout begins by setting the margins
% and text size: 27~mm outer, 24~mm inner, 21~mm top, textblock size
% 125 by 195~mm plus a header line with an empty line separating the
% header and textblock. We subtract 1~inch from the margins to give
% more understandable values here, as the origin in \LaTeX{} margin
% settings is at (1~in,~1~in).
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{27mm}
  \addtolength{\oddsidemargin}{-1in}
  \setlength{\evensidemargin}{24mm}
  \addtolength{\evensidemargin}{-1in}
  \setlength{\topmargin}{21mm}
  \addtolength{\topmargin}{-1in}
  \setlength{\headheight}{15pt}
  \setlength{\headsep}{13.6pt}
  \setlength{\footskip}{22pt}
  \setlength{\textwidth}{125mm}
  \setlength{\textheight}{195mm}
%    \end{macrocode}
% The following code sets the header and footer using the commands
% defined by the |fancyhdr| package. The |\nouppercase| command is
% used to avoid an all-caps header in some cases. (The syntax is read
% as follows: the \textbf{r}ight side of \textbf{o}dd pages and the
% \textbf{l}eft side of \textbf{e}ven pages contains just the page
% number, while the other sides contain the left-page (chapter name)
% or right-page (section name) mark.)
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \fancyhf{}
  \fancyhead[RO,LE]{\thepage}
  \fancyhead[RE]{\textsc{\nouppercase{\leftmark}}}
  \fancyhead[LO]{\nouppercase{\rightmark}}
  \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
  \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt}
  \pagestyle{fancy}
%    \end{macrocode}
% The official layout specifies only one change from the \LaTeX{} default
% headings: the size of the chapter heading is changed from the
% default |\Huge| to the smaller |\huge|. This is done as follows
% using the interface provided by the |titlesec| package.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \titleformat{\chapter}[display]%
              {\huge\bfseries\filright}{\chaptername~\thechapter}{20pt}{}
%    \end{macrocode}
% The title page is defined next. The simple centered layout is
% implemented by using |\centering| and setting the |\parindent| and
% |\parskip| to zero (inside braces, so the settings won't affect
% the other pages). The |\vspace| commands are used to move
% vertically, and a paragraph break (|\par|) starts a new line. The
% permission notice, if one has been provided, is included in a 98~mm
% wide |minipage| environment. The |\@title| is defined by the
% standard |\title| command in the |book| document class. (The
% |\tktla@titlepage| and |\tktla@copyrightpage| commands are called
% from |\maketitle|, which was redefined above.)
%
% When the font, centering, etc.\ is locally changed, it is important
% to place the end of the paragraph (explicit |\par| here) inside the
% braces where the change is made. Otherwise the change will be
% ignored when, for example, the line spacing is calculated.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \newcommand{\tktla@titlepage}{
    \cleardoublepage
    \thispagestyle{empty}
    {\centering\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}\setlength{\parskip}{0pt}
      {\scshape\small
        Department of Computer Science\par
        Series of Publications A\par
        Report A-\tktla@pubyear-\tktla@pubno\par}
      \vspace{\fill}
      {\bfseries\Large\@title\par}
      \vspace{25mm}
      {\Large\@author\par}
      \vspace{25mm}
      \ifx\tktla@permission\@undefined\relax\else
        \begin{minipage}{98mm}
          \itshape\small\tktla@permission\par
        \end{minipage}
        \par
      \fi
      \vspace{\fill}
      {\scshape\small
        University of Helsinki\par
        Finland\par}
    }
    \clearpage
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
% The copyright page also contains a list of contact information. The
% layout is created like the title page, but using |\raggedright|
% instead of |\centering|. Thus, a paragraph break (|\par|) can
% be used to move to the start of the next line. An empty line is
% produced using |\quad\par|, since completely empty paragraphs are
% ignored by \LaTeX{}.
%
% The address in the contact information is indented with a simple
% |\quad|. Accented characters in the address are produced with the
% verbose |{\"a}| syntax so that this class file remains 7-bit ASCII
% (otherwise, the character set should be set using the |inputenc|
% package).
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \newcommand{\tktla@copyrightpage}{
    \clearpage
    \thispagestyle{empty}
    {\raggedright\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}\setlength{\parskip}{0pt}
      {\bf Supervisor} \par
      \quad \hangindent=1em \tktla@supervisorlist\par
      \quad\par
      {\bf Pre-examiners} \par 
      \quad \hangindent=1em \tktla@preexaminera\par
      \quad \hangindent=1em \tktla@preexaminerb\par
      \quad\par
      {\bf Opponent} \par 
      \quad \hangindent=1em \tktla@opponent\par
      \quad\par
      {\bf Custos} \par 
      \quad \hangindent=1em \tktla@custos\par
      \quad\par
      \quad\par
      \vspace{\fill}
      {\bf Contact information\par}
      \quad\par
      \quad Department of Computer Science\par
      \quad P.O. Box 68 (Gustaf H{\"a}llstr{\"o}min katu 2b)\par
      \quad FI-00014 University of Helsinki\par
      \quad Finland\par
      \quad\par
      \quad Email address: info@cs.helsinki.fi\par
      \quad URL: http://cs.helsinki.fi/en/\par
      \quad Telephone: +358 2941 911\par
      \quad\par

      \vspace{\fill}
      \tktla@copyright\par
      \tktla@printisxns{}
      Helsinki \tktla@pubyear\par
      \ifx\tktla@printhouse\@undefined\relax\else\tktla@printhouse\par\fi
    }
    \clearpage
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
% The abstract page is created from the |abstract| environment, which
% also creates the other information on the page. The information
% before and after the actual abstract is set using the |\raggedright|
% command, just as on the copyright page above.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \newenvironment{abstract}{%
    \cleardoublepage
    \thispagestyle{plain}
    {\raggedright\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}\setlength{\parskip}{0pt}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Line breaks in the title (the standard |\title| command defines
% |\@title|) that were set using |\\| are ignored simply by redefining
% the |\\| command (which has one optional argument) to do nothing for
% the duration of printing the title.
%    \begin{macrocode}
      {\bfseries\large\renewcommand{\\}[1][]{}\@title\par}
      \quad\par
      \@author\par
      \quad\par
      Department of Computer Science\par
      P.O. Box 68, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland\par
      \tktla@authorcontact\par
      \quad\par
      \tktla@pubtype, Series of Publications A, Report
        A-\tktla@pubyear-\tktla@pubno\par
      Helsinki, \tktla@pubmonth{} \tktla@pubyear, \tktla@pages{} pages\par
      \tktla@printisxns
      \quad\par
      \textbf{Abstract}\par
    }
%    \end{macrocode}
% The actual abstract will be placed just after the following code,
% which places it in its own group and sets paragraph spacing as
% specified by the layout. (The |\begingroup| works just like the
% opening brace |{|, but the brace cannot be used here, as the
% corresponding closing brace needs to be in another argument of
% |\newenvironment{abstract}|.)
%    \begin{macrocode}
    \begingroup
      \setlength{\parindent}{0pt}
      \setlength{\parskip}{\baselineskip}
  }{%
    \par\endgroup
%    \end{macrocode}
% The following information is set after the actual abstract. A custom
% |list| environment is used for the long classification, but the
% other information can be set more simply. In the custom |list|, the
% |\makelabel| is redefined to produce left-justified labels.
%    \begin{macrocode}
    {\raggedright\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}\setlength{\parskip}{0pt}
      \quad\par
      \textbf{Computing Reviews (2012) Categories and Subject \\
        Descriptors:}\nopagebreak
      \begin{list}{}{
          \setlength{\partopsep}{0pt}
          \setlength{\topsep}{0pt}
          \setlength{\leftmargin}{3em}
          \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}
          \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}
          \setlength{\labelsep}{0.5em}
          \setlength{\labelwidth}{2.5em}
          \renewcommand{\makelabel}[1]{##1\hspace{\fill}}}
        \tktla@crclong
      \end{list}
      \quad\par
      \textbf{General Terms:}\par\nopagebreak
      \tktla@generalterms\par
      \quad\par
      \textbf{Additional Key Words and Phrases:}\par\nopagebreak
      \tktla@additionalkeywords\par
    }
    \clearpage
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
% This ends the implementation of the official layout.
%

%
% \subsection{Code after the definition of the official layout}
%
% The following code needs to be placed
% after the definitions done by the official layout.
%
% The |\chaptermark| and |\sectionmark| are redefined the same way in
% the layout: to remove the dot after the section number and the
% default ``Chapter'' text in the header.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\renewcommand{\chaptermark}[1]{\markboth{\thechapter~#1}{}}
\renewcommand{\sectionmark}[1]{\markright{\thesection~#1}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% The implementation of the |tktla| document class ends here.
% \Finale